Document Details

Document Type : Thesis 
Document Title :
Clinical and Laboratory Assessment of Glass Carbomer Compared to Resin Modified Glass Ionomer and Composite Resin Restorations in Primary Teeth
مقارنة إكلينيكية و معملية بين حشوات اسمنت الكربومير الزجاجي و اسمنت الأيونومير الزجاجي و راتنج الكمبوزيت
 
Subject : Faculty of Dentistry 
Document Language : Arabic 
Abstract : Background: Glass carbomer is a monomer free; carbomised nano-glass restorative cement developed from traditional glass ionomer cement and contains nano-sized powder particles of hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite. These materials claim to have good mechanical properties and better bonding to dentin, in addition to continuous fluoride release. Aim: First, to evaluate clinically the performance of glass carbomer cement (GCC) in restoring class II cavities in primary molars in comparison with resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and composite resin restorations. Second, to evaluate the inhibitory effect of GCC on demineralization at restoration margins of primary teeth in-vitro in comparison with RMGIC and composite resin. Material & Methods: A sample of 50 healthy children with ages between 4-8 years with a proximal lesion in at least one primary molar were recruited from the Pediatric Dental Clinics at King Abdulaziz University (KAU). Depending on the number of proximal lesions each child had, a minimum of 1 restoration and a maximum of 4 restorations were placed. One hundred and sixty-two molars were randomly assigned to one of the following restorative material groups: GCC, RMGIC and composite resin. The restorations were then evaluated clinically using the “Cvar and Ryge’s” criteria. In addition, the same restorative material groups were evaluated in-vitro for their effect on preventing the formation of artificial caries-like lesions at the restoration margins using 30 extracted primary canines. This was achieved by subjecting the restored primary canine specimens to an artificial caries challenge and evaluating them using polarized light microscopy. Specimens were evaluated qualitatively by detecting the formation of an inhibitory area and quantitatively by measuring the size of the outer lesions and wall lesions formed. Results: At 12-months, the clinical evaluation of restorations showed no significant difference in the color match and marginal discoloration success among the 3 restorative material groups. However, GCC restorations were significantly less successful than RMGIC and composite resin restorations in terms of anatomic form (p<0.001) and marginal adaptation (p<0.001). No secondary caries formation was observed in any of the restorations in the 3 restorative material groups at 12 months. Gender, age, side, primary molar type, and cavity surface showed no significant difference at 6 and 12 months. However, in the upper arch, the anatomic form failure rate of GCC restorations was significantly higher at 6 months (p=0.046) and at 12 months (p=0.037) and their marginal adaptation failure rate was significantly higher at 12 months (p=0.023). In-vitro results revealed that outer lesions associated with GCC restorations were significantly smaller in depth than those associated with composite resin restorations (p=0.001). Wall lesions formed adjacent to GCC restorations were significantly smaller in depth (p<0.001) and length (p<0.002) than those adjacent to RMGIC and composite resin restorations. Caries inhibitory areas were only found in 6 specimens restored with either GCC and RMGIC. Conclusion: The 12-month clinical performance of the GCC restorative material was not satisfactory in restoring class II cavities in primary molars. RMGIC and composite resin restorations performed significantly better. The main reason for clinical failure in the GCC restorations was poor maintenance of anatomical form and marginal adaptation. However, the ability of GCC restoration to inhibit caries in-vitro was better than RMGIC and composite resin restorations. The use of GCC restorative material cannot be recommended for restoring class II cavities in primary molars. More randomized clinical trials should be conducted on primary teeth in order to achieve stronger evidence regarding the ideal restorative material for primary molars. 
Supervisor : Prof. Azza A. M. El-Housseiny 
Thesis Type : Doctorate Thesis 
Publishing Year : 1440 AH
2019 AD 
Co-Supervisor : Prof. Najlaa Alamoudi 
Added Date : Tuesday, January 1, 2019 

Researchers

Researcher Name (Arabic)Researcher Name (English)Researcher TypeDr GradeEmail
سمية محمد النوريAl Nouri, Sumaya MohammedResearcherDoctorate 

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